When the first trailer for Emerald Fennell’s new adaptation of Wuthering Heights earlier this year, it sparked major controversy among fans of Emily Brontë’s Gothic classic—for everything from its casting and costumes, to its soundtrack and subject matter. We are undoubtedly experiencing a Gothic book-to-screen Renaissance right now (Mike Flanagan I’m looking at you), though in some cases, maybe we should question why directors are choosing to adapt Gothic classics, arguably to the detriment of the original literature and its legacy.
Starring Margot Robbie and Jacob Elordi, who are deemed by some as having ‘iPhone faces’ too modern for historical films, the Wuthering Heights trailer sent the internet into outrage over its polarising spin on such a beloved book. Not only is the teaser soundtracked to an orchestral rendition of Charli XCX’s recent hit ‘Everything is romantic’, it is also interspersed with some really steamy scenes that certainly weren’t penned by Brontë in 1847. While the film’s erotic themes veer away from Wuthering Heights, which is much more concerned with romantic obsession and revenge, it must be of importance that the film’s poster places quotation marks around the title: “Wuthering Heights”. Could it be that the film itself will be hyperaware of its diversion from the literary canon, or perhaps it will be a pastiche of the Gothic ‘romances’ of the nineteenth century? Considering Fennell’s penchant for being subversive and boundary-pushing in her other films, this doesn’t seem too implausible.
Even the film’s casting director, Kharmel Cochrane, responded to criticism over Fennell’s flimsy interpretation of the source material, telling Deadline that “there’s definitely going to be some English lit fans that are not going to be happy”. Fennell also received backlash over her decision to ask Elordi to play Heathcliff, a character whose ethnicity is famously ambiguous. Although Brontë only offers vague descriptions of Heathcliff’s ethnicity, his racial and social ‘othering’ is central to the hostility he faces from wider society. I stand amongst those fans who feel that casting a white actor in this role erodes the nuances of race and social class that permeate the novel’s plot. Eroticising the narrative is one thing, but the ethnicity of a character should always be a vital sticking point in book-to-screen adaptations. The novel’s preoccupation with ‘otherness’ also aligns closely with the nature of the Gothic genre, and is something Emily Brontë would likely have recognised on a personal level in her father’s decision to change the family’s original Irish surname, ‘Brunty’.
Slated for a Valentine’s Day 2026 release, speculation on how Fennell’s adaptation will fare with devout Brontë fans is sure to continue for the next few months, and the abundance of cultural commentary around it will certainly be enough to get audiences to cinemas. I expect it will definitely have a super viral moment online too, taking the reins from its depraved and raunchy predecessor, Saltburn (2023) – early test screenings have received some mixed reviews, with one viewer describing it as “aggressively provocative”.
Fennell is certainly not the only contemporary director sinking her teeth into nineteenth century Gothic literature. (Freya Parker)
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