Adrianna Stańczak, University of Warsaw
New Vistas in Language Studies. Young Scholars’ Perspectives. ATENA 2, pp. 91-103 (2022)
Half of the world’s languages are considered to be endangered, according to the
European Union, and one of the ways in which the EU is attempting to support minority
and less-spoken languages is with legislation. However, the European Charter for Regional
or Minority Languages, similarly to other national and international documents protecting
minor languages, is often criticized for its shortcomings and inadequate support offered to
these languages and the communities that speak them. One of the criticisms is that these
kinds of documents tend to leave almost all of the power in the hands of the state, which
decides what languages are to be protected and how. Unequal power relations between languages have been argued to be a key factor in the minority status and the endangered position of a language, and existing legislation does not seem to be attempting to disrupt them;
rather, it reinforces these existing power structures. Literary translation, which is considered
to be one of the ways to promote minority language use and raise the status of a language,
can also be a deeply subversive activity, perhaps especially when it involves the translation
of a classic piece of literature that in itself is already a deeply subversive text. Jane Eyre, a beloved text profoundly concerned with injustice and power, could comfortably be described
as both a classic and subversive, and it was also originally written in English, the language
that has replaced Scots as the dominant language in Scotland. Its translation into Scots has
the potential of having a stronger impact on Scots-speaking readers and therefore being
more empowering to them and more disruptive to the existing power structures, including
linguistic ones.
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