I must admit, I’m a hard-to-please viewer, especially when it comes to celluloid adaptations of books I love. But the overt sexuality of the movie, as seen in the teaser trailer, doesn’t bother me. Sure, the overall aesthetic is closer to the Harlequin novel that first acquainted me with the rather unfortunate euphemism, “throbbing manhood”, rather than Heathcliff’s poetic: “Be with me always, take any form, drive me mad! Only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you!” But then again, any piece of art is inherently polysemous, open to multiple interpretations. So, if Fennell saw it as a novel that evoked the “primal, sexual” feeling and is “packed full of S&M,” I won’t take offence.
I’d even argue that it isn’t completely unwarranted, especially if you discovered it in your teens, as most of us did. While Wuthering Heights is indeed an exquisitely structured Gothic novel that employs a double-frame narrative structure to enhance the storytelling experience with brilliantly etched characters, it takes a while, and multiple readings, to appreciate the novel’s craft. When I first read the book, in my broody, early teens, wholly sold on the idea that troublesome, forbidden men are the best sort, I must admit that I, too, felt it: that ceaseless yearning for sublime passion and love that transcended time, space and death.
Even the casting, while certainly not ideal — given that so much of who Heathcliff is and becomes hinges on his being the other (Romani, of African origin or even the son of an Indian or Arab lascar) — does not bother me that much. I do think it was a missed opportunity to add greater depth and layers to a complex character who never experiences the redemption arc so familiar in Victorian-era novels. But, from what I can gather, it appears to be a misguided attempt at colour-blind casting — Linton is being played by Shazad Latif and Nelly by Hong Chau — rather than blatant whitewashing. While I’m not personally a big fan of colour-blind casting in historical narratives like this, where identity significantly shapes a character’s experience and evolution, I am open to overlooking it.
And I’d completely ignore the brouhaha around Margot Robbie’s age, which is just a function of ageism, in my opinion. If a 40-year-old Brad Pitt could have played Achilles, who was supposed to have been in his late teens when the Trojan war began, I think this, too, is okay.
The biggest problem with this version seems to be the same as with all Hollywood versions of the classic. While the stormy, self-destructive, obsessive (and somewhat incestuous) love affair between Heathcliff and Catherine, the primary protagonists, is compelling, the silver screen reduces the story to just that, doing an immense disservice to the text and the woman behind it.
Emily Brontë, described by the poet Ted Hughes as the “wildest of the three wild (Brontë) sisters”, loved animals, was painfully shy, perpetually sick, non-conforming, and rarely ventured beyond her beloved Haworth Moors. No record exists of her having any sort of love interest, though there are some whispers that she had an unusually close relationship with her brother, Branwell, who, like many of the male characters in Wuthering Heights, abused substances and struggled with his mental health.
By 30, one year after her novel came out to fairly negative reviews from pearl-clutching Victorian reviewers, who described it as “a compound of vulgar depravity” and a book of “disgusting coarseness”, she was dead. But her novel has lived on, reincarnated in multiple cultural artefacts: films with actors like Laurence Olivier, Richard Burton, Timothy Dalton, Ralph Fiennes and Tom Hardy playing Heathcliff; in the poetry of both Ted Hughes and his long-suffering wife, Sylvia Plath, who had picnicked together in Haworth; in a 1992 musical by Bernard J Taylor; and in the record-breaking 1978 single by Kate Bush.
I was inspired to reread the book last week after stumbling upon the trailer, and found myself still moved by the intense passion between the two central characters of the novel. But what also struck me this time were the existential questions she raises about the world she lived in, a world being shaped by colonisation, the slave trade, continuous warfare, women coming more into their own (the writings of Mary Wollstonecraft, the mother of another exceptional Gothic novelist of the Victorian era, Mary Shelley, was one of the best-known early feminists) and the growth of the Industrial Revolution.
The genius of Wuthering Heights is that it also forces us to ponder our inherent tendency for categorical thinking and prejudice, the rigidity of social class and gender roles, the malleability of morality, the constant human battle between primitivism and civilisation and the mythology of free will: big ideas, especially given that the novel was written by a woman who, by all accounts, lived a relatively small life.
Wuthering Heights, however many times you read it, never stops being a fever dream, where landscape and people are feral, unhinged, primeval and oh-so-real, leaving you pondering the smallness of existence, the fragility of life, and the stupendous power of the human imagination. It is why I love it and return to it repeatedly, discovering something new every time.
This film version, on the other hand, from what little I could gather from the teaser (and the film may throw surprises), has whittled it down to a story of forbidden, hormone-fuelled teenage love, with mild sadomasochistic undertones: hardly original. If Emily, a quiet parson’s daughter living in Victorian England, could create a work of art so savage and enduring that she’s had a large part of the Internet still defending it, nearly two hundred years later, I can’t help feeling disappointed that Fennell, an innovative director who is notorious for taking risks and experimenting with complex, provocative themes, seems to have settled for so little. (Preeti Zachariah)
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