This book is a response to many years of study into the lives and works of the Brontë family. It also incorporates studied observations on the psychology of the interactions of children and the relevance of their birth order. By applying many modern and interesting interpretations of sibling behaviour, I have researched the Brontë children with reference to their births and gender and its effect on their development both in childhood and as adults.
I am a life member of the Brontë Society and a former trustee. Having spent 30 years as a nurse and many as a lecturer in Victorian literature, I offer insight into human behaviour and the changes and similarities that occur over time. I have previously written three books on the Brontes' lives, works and environment. This book is different as it examines some of the reasons why the Brontë children, so close in early childhood, became separated and disharmonious in later life.
By examining birth order and the shift that occurred in the Brontë family following the death of the two eldest girls, I have sought to explain how Charlotte’s elevation to the ‘eldest’ child affected all of the children and their carers for the rest of their lives. Once Anne Brontë was designated as the ‘youngest’ child there ensued a permanent separation that alienated Anne and caused her and her works to be viewed as lesser that those of her siblings. I demonstrate how this was fostered and encouraged by all of the family, but especially by Charlotte.
The book does not intend to offer a literary criticism of the Bronte works but to highlight the differences between the children and their response to an upbringing that was marked by tragedy and loss. By an analysis of childhood and sibling rivalry amongst the family, and with reference to modern studies in gender and birth order, I demonstrate how and why the children developed into separate and very different individuals.
There is emphasis on the growing strength of Charlotte as the dominant sibling and discussion of how she was able to influence and manipulate her brother, sisters, aunt and father. The book examines how Anne finally broke away from her family to become a governess and how, for a while, she was no longer under their control. The book records Anne’s last illness and reveals how her fatal trip to Scarborough was manipulated by Charlotte. My research suggests that Anne did not go to the coast to die or request to be buried there; that was a decision taken by Charlotte and possibly contrary to her sister’s wishes.
The book avoids the repeated expressions of Brontë harmony and cohesiveness, expressed by many previous authors, by highlighting and exploring themes of jealousy, dominance and conflict. It explores the importance of gender in Victorian times and the limitations on woman with regard to free will and independence.
A reappraisal and renaissance of Anne Brontë’s work is becoming established in academic and literary circles. I have attempted to explore the myths and misinformation that has been passed down through the years, not least by Charlotte herself. I wish to show how and why Anne was represented as the ‘Cinderella’ sister and why it is essential to acknowledge her genius alongside her siblings.
The book explains that following the deaths of all of her siblings, Charlotte had carte blanche to destroy and alter their works and reputation and that it is Charlotte’s version of their lives that has been accepted, often without question, for many years. This book seeks to explore an alternative understanding of the Brontës based on their natural rivalry and to emphasise conflict and friction between the four siblings that directed and affected their adult lives.
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